Turkmenistan is a country in Central Asia, which was once a constituent republic of the Soviet Union. It stands bordered by Afghanistan in the southeast, Iran in the southwest, Uzbekistan in the northeast and Kazakhstan in the northwest. Forming the southern border of the country is Caspian Sea, the largest enclosed body water in the world. Around eighty percent of the landscape of Turkmenistan stands covered by Karakum Desert. The country's natural gas reserves rank fifth in the whole world. However, lack of gas-pipeline routes out of the landlocked Country has made it almost impossible to export the abundant gas. Read on to gather more information on Turkmenistan.
Fun & Interesting Facts about Turkmenistan
- The official language of Turkmenistan is Turkmen, while Russian and Uzbek are also spoken there.
- Majority of the people in Turkmenistan are Sunni Muslims, followed by a Russian Orthodox minority.
- The main ethnic groups in Turkmenistan comprise of Turkmen, Russian and Uzbek.
- The currency of Turkmenistan is Pakistani Turkmen Manat.
- The capital of Turkmenistan is Ashgabat.
- Turkmenistan follows a ‘single party’ system.
- Turkmenistan became a part of the USSR, following the First World War.
- Turkmenistan gained independence from the Soviet Union on 27th October 1991.
- The name Turkmenistan has been derived from Persian language and means the "Land of the Turkmen".
- Turkmenistan ranks 5th in the world in terms of GDP growth rate.
- Turkmenistan has the second lowest population density in former Soviet Central Asia.
- The highest point in Turkmenistan is formed by Gora Ayribaba, at 3,139m.
- Karakum Desert covers almost eighty percent of Turkmenistan. It also forms one of the largest sand deserts of the world.
- Kugitang Reserve of Turkmenistan has a rock plateau imprinted with footprints of a dinosaur.
- Karakum Canal is one of the longest irrigation canals in the world.
- Amu Darya River, earlier known as Oxus, is the main river in Turkmenistan.
- Pastoral nomads have lived in Turkmenistan since the early times.
- The traditional nomad home in Turkmenistan is Yurta, a collapsible tent with a wooden frame.
- Turkmenistan has been known throughout the world, since centuries, for its Turkmen carpets.
- The Arvana dromedary camel and Akhal-Teke horse are bred in Turkmenistan.
- An Akhal-Teke horse forms part of the State Emblem of Turkmenistan.
- Merv, an ancient oasis city, served as an important trading centre on the Silk Route between China and Europe.
- Natural gas, oil, petroleum products and textiles are the main industries of Turkmenistan.
- The literacy levels in Turkmenistan are 98 percent.
